Curcuma alismatifolia [Gagnep. ]

Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep.

Curcuma alismatifolia

General description:

Herb 30-60 cm tall; leaves narrowly lanceolate, glabrous, base narrowly attenuate, apex acuminate, 20-35 x 2-4 cm. Inflorescence terminal; scape 25-65 cm long; spike 10-15 cm long. Bracts broadly ovate, green, glabrous; coma bracts obovate-lanceolate, pink with dark tip, glabrous, apex acute, 6-9 x 1.5-4.5 cmFlower white, labellum 3-lobed, violet with white base. Anther glabrous, ecalcarate; crest oblong, apex rounded. Ovary barrel-shaped, glabrous; stylode absen.

Biology:

Main rhizome ovoid, white inside, 3-4 x 2-3 cm; rhizome very short. Leafy shoot 30-60 cm tall; bladeless sheath 5-20 cm long. Leaf sheath glabrous, 10-25 cm long; ligule glabrous, apex truncate, 1 mm long; petiole short or absent; blade narrowly lanceolate, glabrous on both surfaces, base narrowly attenuate, apex acuminate, 20-35 x 2-4 cm. Inflorescence terminal; scape glabrous, 25-65 cm long; spike 10-15 cm long. Bracts broadly ovate, glabrous on both suefaces, apex obtuse to rounded, 2.5-4 x 2-3 cm; coma bracts obovate-lanceolate to broadly obovate, glabrous, apex acute, 6-9 x 1.5-4.5 cm; bracteoles ovate, glabrous, apex acute, 1-1.5 cm long. Calyx tubular, glabrous, apex shallowly 3-lobed, 7-9 mm long. Corolla tube glabrous, 20 mm long; lobes glabrous, mm; dorsal lobe hooded, apex mucronate; lateral lobes concave, apex rounded. Labellum 3-lobed, glabrous, violet with white base, 7.2 x 7.0 mm. Filament concave, glabrous, 4 x 4 mm; anther glabrous, ecalcarate, mm long; crest oblong, apex rounded, glabrous, 3 mm long. Ovary barrel-shaped, glabrous, 3 mm long; stylode absent; stigma terminally open, ciliate, 1 mm wide.

Conservation status:

NC

Diagnostic description:

Large pink coma bracts and white flower with violet labellum.

Thu, 2015-08-06 06:03 -- Charun

EOL Text

Habitat and Ecology:

Habitat and Ecology

Grows in fairly open mixed dipterocarp deciduous forests. Also found in open pine forests, shallow swamp on sandy soil, occurring from sea level up to 1,300 m asl.

Systems

Terrestrial

License	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/Author	© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source	http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/201883

Barcode data: Curcuma alismatifolia:

The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.

License	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Rights holder/Author	Sujeevan Ratnasingham, Paul D.N. Hebert, Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)
Source	http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxid=439726

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Curcuma alismatifolia:

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 1
Specimens with Barcodes: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1

License	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Rights holder/Author	Sujeevan Ratnasingham, Paul D.N. Hebert, Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)
Source	http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxid=439726

IUCN Red List Assessment:

Red List Category

Near Threatened

Red List Criteria

Version

3.1

Year Assessed

2012

Assessor/s

Leong-Skornickova, J., Tran, H.D., Newman, M., Lamxay, V. & Bouamanivong, S.

Reviewer/s

Hilton-Taylor, C. & Bilz, M.

Contributor/s

Justification

This species has been the target of commercial collectors for many years and this collection combined with the loss of habitat due to other threats has resulted in a population reduction in the last 60 years (three generations) which comes close to the 30% threshold for Vulnerable. Hence this species is listed as Near Threatened because it almost qualifies for a threatened listing under criterion A2cd.

License	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/Author	© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source	http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/201883

Population:

Population

While this is one of the fairly common species in all four countries of the Indochinese floristic region, it is one of the commercially most exploited ginger species for cut flower industry in Thailand. It has been the target of commercial collectors for many years and this collection combined with the loss of habitat due to other threats has resulted in a population reduction in the last 60 years which comes close to 30%.

Population Trend

Decreasing

License	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/Author	© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source	http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/201883

Threats:

Major Threats

Habitat degradation and over-collection of rhizomes from the wild populations are the main threats.

License	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/Author	© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source	http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/201883

Conservation Actions:

Conservation Actions

The species occurs in national parks (e.g. Phu Kradung National Park, Thailand and Lo Go Xa Mat National Park, Viet Nam) and it is in ex situ cultivation.

License	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/Author	© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source	http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/201883

Curcuma alismatifolia:

Curcuma alismatifolia, Siam tulip or summer tulip (Thai: ปทุมา, pathuma, or ดอกกระเจียว, dok krajiao) is a tropical plant native to Laos, northern Thailand and Cambodia.^[1]^[2] Despite its name, it is not related to the tulip, but to the various ginger species such as turmeric. It can grow as an indoor plant, and is also sold as cut flowers.

One of the most famous wild fields of Siam Tulips is in Pa Hin Ngam National Park in the Chaiyaphum province of Thailand.

Malvidin 3-rutinoside is a pigment responsible for bract color in C. alismatifolia.^[3]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^ Sirirugsa, P., Larsen, K. & Maknoi, C. (2007). The genus Curcuma L. (Zingiberaceae): distribution and classification with reference to species diversity in Thailand. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore 59: 203-220.
^ Nakayama, M; Roh, MS; Uchida, K; Yamaguchi, Y; Takano, K; Koshioka, M (2000). "Malvidin 3-rutinoside as the pigment responsible for bract color in Curcuma alismatifolia". Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 64 (5): 1093–5. doi:10.1271/bbb.64.1093. PMID 10879491.

License	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/Author	Wikipedia
Source	http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Curcuma_alismatifolia&oldid=635224882

Range Description:

Recorded from northeast, east and southeast Thailand, Cambodia, Lao PDR and Viet Nam (Maknoi 2006, J. Leong-Skonickova pers. obs.).

License	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
Rights holder/Author	© International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Source	http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/201883

Limestone Flora in Thailand

Curcuma

Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep.

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